In assessing internal hierarchy without direct inquiry, which panel member often holds the final decision-making authority?
The person who introduced you or who seems to be leading the interview flow.
An important preliminary step in panel preparation involves trying to discern the internal hierarchy, even if not explicitly stated. Insight suggests that the individual who initiates the interview process, perhaps by introducing the panel members or by leading the overall flow and pacing of the session, frequently occupies the position of final decision-making authority. While professional respect must be given equally to all present, strategically tailoring responses or examples to align with the stated goals of this senior person can be highly effective, provided the other members are not overtly ignored during this strategic prioritization.

#Videos
How to Prepare and Pass a Panel Interview - YouTube
Panel Interview Secrets: What to Expect and How to Ace It! - YouTube