What factor related to product design will cause a venture to fail regardless of its back-end sustainability?

Answer

The product not fitting the local context (e.g., wrong trigger event).

If the actual product design fails to align with the practical realities and needs of the local population, perhaps due to an inappropriate trigger for payment or an excessively slow claims process, it will not achieve widespread adoption.

What factor related to product design will cause a venture to fail regardless of its back-end sustainability?
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