How does a professional focused on applied complexity distinguish a complex system (like a city's traffic network) from a complicated one (like a jet engine)?
Answer
The complex system's behavior is generated by the interactions of its components, making macro-behavior fundamentally unpredictable in isolation.
A complicated system, like a jet engine, functions predictably when parts are assembled correctly. A complex system's overall behavior arises from the interactions between components, meaning the macro-behavior cannot be predicted by studying the parts separately.
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